| Wes Craven | |
|---|---|
| Born | Wesley Earl Craven August 2, 1939 Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. |
| Occupation | Film director, writer and producer |
| Spouse | Bonnie Broecker (1964–1969) Mimi Craven (1984–1987) Iya Labunka |
| Website | |
| http://www.wescraven.com | |
Wesley Earl "Wes" Craven (born August 2, 1939) is an American film director and writer, perhaps best known as the creator of many horror films, including the famed A Nightmare on Elm Street and New Nightmare featuring the iconic Freddy Krueger character, the Scream films alongside The Last House on the Left, The Hills Have Eyes, The Serpent and the Rainbow, The People Under the Stairs, Vampire in Brooklyn and Red Eye.
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Craven was born in Cleveland, Ohio, the son of Caroline (née Miller) and Paul Craven.[1] He had a strict Baptist upbringing.[2] Craven earned an undergraduate degree in English and Psychology from Wheaton College in Illinois, and a masters degree in Philosophy and Writing from Johns Hopkins University.[3] Prior to landing his first job in the film industry as a sound editor for a post-production company in New York, Craven briefly taught English at Westminster College and was a humanities professor at Clarkson College of Technology (now Clarkson University) in Potsdam, NY.
Craven's works tend to share a common exploration of the nature of reality. A Nightmare on Elm Street, for example, dealt with the consequences of dreams in real life. New Nightmare "brushes against" (but does not quite break) the fourth wall by having actress Heather Langenkamp play herself as she is haunted by the villain of the film in which she once starred. At one point in the film, we see on Wes Craven's word processor a script he has written, which includes the exact conversation he just had with Heather — as if the script was being written as the action unfolded. The Serpent and the Rainbow portrays a man who cannot distinguish between nightmarish visions and reality. In Scream, the characters frequently reference horror films similar to their situations, and at one point Billy Loomis tells his girlfriend that life is just a big movie. This concept was emphasized in the sequels, as copycat stalkers reenact the events of a new film about the Woodsboro killings occurring in Scream. Scream included a scene mentioning the well-known Richard Gere gerbil urban legend. Craven stated in interviews that he received calls from agents telling him that if he left that scene in, he would never work again.[4][5] He is currently directing Scream 4. Craven was also set to direct Beetlejuice but dropped out to co-write and executive produce the third outing for Freddy Krueger. The "Elm Street" is located in Potsdam,[6] NY (a small town just south of the Canadian border).
Craven also frequently collaborates with Sean S. Cunningham in his filmography. In Craven's debut feature, The Last House on the Left, Cunningham served as producer. Later, in Craven's most famous film, A Nightmare on Elm Street, Cunningham directed one of the chase scenes, although uncredited. Their infamous characters, Freddy Krueger and Jason Voorhees, appeared together in the 2003 slasher film Freddy vs. Jason with Cunningham acting as producer, while screenwriter Victor Miller is credited as "Character Creator". Later, in The Last House on the Left remake, both Cunningham and Craven share production credits. Craven announced on 22 March 2010 via Twitter his return to the Scream franchise.[7]
During his career, Wes Craven won nine cinematic awards and received three nominations.
In 1977, he won the 'Prize of the International Critics' Jury' in the "Sitges – Catalonian International Film Festival" for his film The Hills Have Eyes.
In 1985, his horror film A Nightmare on Elm Street won the 'Critic's Award' at the "Avoriaz Fantastic Film Festival".
In 1992, the Brussels International Festival of Fantasy Film presented him the Pegasus Audience Award for the thriller The People Under the Stairs. His Fantasporto won the International Fantasy Film Award for Best Screenplay while the Best Film award went to his movie New Nightmare, the final A Nightmare on Elm Street movie. His Shocker was also nominated for Best Film in 1990.
The Gérardmer Film Festival granted him the Grand Prize in '97 for Scream.
He was nominated for Best Director for Scream at the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films, USA, in 1997.
In 2006, he was honored at Spike TV's Scream with the Mastermind Award (the tribute was presented to him by Neve Campbell).
Craven's first marriage to Bonnie Broecker produced two children, Jonathan (born 1965) and Jessica Craven (born 1968). Jonathan is a writer and director with a few credits to his name. Jessica is a singer/songwriter in the group the Chapin Sisters. The marriage ended in 1970. In 1982, Craven married Millicent Eleanor Meyer. However, the two divorced, according to Joe Eszterhas's book American Rhapsody, after she began an affair with actress Sharon Stone. Also according to the book, on the day the divorce was finalized, Stone sent Craven a dozen black roses. Although Craven has never publicly commented on his wife's lesbian affair, he has stated in interviews that the marriage dissolved after he discovered it "was no longer anything but a sham."[8]
| Year | Title |
|---|---|
| 1999 | Fountain Society |
| Year | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1972 | The Last House on the Left | |
| 1977 | The Hills Have Eyes | |
| 1978 | Summer of Fear | TV |
| The Evolution of Snuff | ||
| 1981 | Deadly Blessing | |
| 1982 | Swamp Thing | |
| 1984 | Invitation to Hell | TV |
| A Nightmare on Elm Street | ||
| 1985 | Chiller | TV |
| The Hills Have Eyes Part II | ||
| The New Twilight Zone | TV series | |
| 1986 | Casebusters | TV |
| Deadly Friend | ||
| 1988 | The Serpent and the Rainbow | |
| 1989 | Shocker | |
| 1990 | Night Visions | TV |
| 1991 | The People Under the Stairs | |
| 1992 | Nightmare Cafe | TV Series |
| 1994 | Wes Craven's New Nightmare | |
| 1995 | Vampire in Brooklyn | |
| 1996 | Scream | |
| 1997 | Scream 2 | |
| 1999 | Music of the Heart | |
| 2000 | Scream 3 | |
| 2005 | Cursed | |
| Red Eye | ||
| 2006 | Paris, je t'aime | |
| 2007 | Agitation | |
| 2010 | My Soul to Take | Post-production |
| 2011 | Scream 4 | Filming |
| Year | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1971 | Together | |
| 1981 | Kent State' | |
| 1987 | A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors | |
| 1989 | The People Next Door | TV Series |
| Shocker | ||
| 1990 | Night Visions | TV |
| 1991 | The People Under the Stairs | |
| 1992 | Nightmare Cafe | TV Series |
| 1993 | Laurel Canyon | TV |
| 1994 | Wes Craven's New Nightmare | |
| 1995 | Mind Ripper | |
| 1997 | Wishmaster | |
| 1998 | Hollyweird | TV |
| Carnival of Souls | ||
| Don't Look Down | TV | |
| 2000 | Dracula 2000 | |
| 2002 | They Shoot Divas, Don't They? | TV |
| 2005 | Feast | |
| 2006 | The Hills Have Eyes | Remake |
| The Breed | ||
| 2007 | The Hills Have Eyes 2 | Sequel from the Remake |
| 2009 | The Last House on the Left | Remake |
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | Wes Craven's New Nightmare | Himself | |
| 1996 | Scream | "Fred" (School Janitor/Freddy Look-a-like) | Cameo (uncredited) |
| 1997 | Scream 2 | Camera Man | (uncredited) |
| 2001 | Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back | Himself | Cameo |
| 2005 | Inside Deep Throat | Himself | |
| 2006 | Paris, je t'aime | Vampire's Victim (uncredited) | |
| 2007 | The Tripper | Top hat-wearing hippy | Cameo |
| 2008 | Diary of the Dead | Voice on radio | Cameo |
Wes Craven designed the Halloween 2008 logo for Google,[9] and was the second celebrity personality to take over the YouTube homepage on Halloween.[10]
Craven had a letter published in the July 19, 1968 edition of Life magazine, praising that periodical's coverage of contemporary rock music, in particular Frank Zappa.[11]
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